In 2018, the contributory plus non-contributory coverage of older adults was, from highest to lowest: 89% to 66% in Chile, Uruguay, Panama, Mexico, and Costa Rica; 54% to 49% in Colombia and Peru; and 19% and 14% in the Dominican Republic and El Salvador, respectively (the Dominican Republic lacks a non-contributory pension and in El Salvador, it has stagnated). In all the countries, except El Salvador and the Dominican Republic, the coverage of older adults is higher than that of the pea.
In addition, it is only less than the minimum of 50% in three countries, versus five countries regarding the coverage of the EAP. The coverage of the elderly increased mainly due to the extension of non-contributory pensions, since the Whatsapp Mobile Number List pensions expanded very little. The former are not part of the private system, but are exogenous to it and are financed by the State. Social solidarity and gender equity. The structural reforms did not rule on these social security principles, because the individual account of the insured belongs to them and there are no transfers between generations, or between income groups, or between genders.
However, they did proclaim the neoliberal principle of the "subsidiary role of the state." In reality, the State has played a fundamental role in virtually all countries, without which the private system could not exist: a) it makes affiliation to the system mandatory; b) finances the cost of transition from the public to the private system. introduces or expands the non-contributory pensions it finances; d) makes state contributions to improve low contributory pensions up to a limit at which said contribution ceases (Chile, Mexico and Uruguay); e) it finances inclusion measures in the contributory system for certain included groups (for example, in Costa Rica it grants a subsidy to independent workers who join) and f) it establishes a public entity that regulates and supervises the private system.